Understanding TMJ in Sports Dentistry: Protecting Athletes Beyond the Smile

In recognition of National TMJ Awareness Month

What Is TMJ and Why It Matters

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the lower jaw (mandible) to the temporal bone of the skull. It’s one of the most complex joints in the body—allowing you to talk, chew, yawn, and perform thousands of movements daily.

When this joint and its surrounding muscles become inflamed or damaged, the condition is known as a temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Symptoms can include:

  • Jaw pain or stiffness
  • Clicking or popping sounds when opening the mouth
  • Headaches or earaches
  • Limited jaw movement
  • Neck or shoulder pain

While TMDs can affect anyone, athletes, particularly those in contact or high-intensity sports, are at greater risk of developing jaw-related issues due to trauma, muscle overuse, or clenching during performance.

TMJ and Athletic Performance

In sports dentistry, we often think first of dental trauma prevention, but TMJ health plays a crucial role in athlete comfort, concentration, and even posture.

Here’s why TMJ disorders matter for athletes:

  • Impact Injuries
    A blow to the chin or jaw during play can transmit force directly to the TMJ, causing inflammation, displacement, or even long-term dysfunction.
  • Jaw Clenching and Stress
    Athletes under physical or psychological stress may involuntarily clench their jaws, overworking the muscles and placing excessive pressure on the joint.
  • Postural and Muscular Strain
    The jaw, neck, and shoulder muscles are interconnected. Chronic TMJ dysfunction can disrupt balance and posture, subtly affecting performance and recovery.

The Role of Sports Dentistry in TMJ injury and disorder Prevention

Sports dentists play an essential role in helping athletes prevent and manage TMJ-related conditions through awareness, early detection, and custom protection.

1. Screening and Education
During pre-season dental evaluations, incorporate TMJ assessments by asking about jaw pain, joint noises, or limited opening. Educating athletes on jaw relaxation and awareness can reduce parafunctional habits such as clenching.

2. Mouthguards That Protect More Than Teeth
Custom-fitted mouthguards don’t just prevent dental fractures—they also:

  • Absorb and distribute impact forces
  • Support optimal jaw alignment
  • Minimize stress on the TMJ during contact or exertion

Encourage athletes to wear their guards consistently, replace them as needed, and clean them properly to maintain comfort and function.

3. Collaboration With Other Professionals
TMJ issues often require a multidisciplinary approach. Sports dentists can collaborate with athletic trainers, physical therapists, and orofacial pain specialists to design holistic treatment and prevention plans.

Recognizing Early Warning Signs

Encourage your athletes to speak up if they notice:

  • Persistent pain in the jaw, face, or temples
  • Popping, locking, or stiffness when opening or closing the mouth
  • Difficulty chewing or speaking
  • Ear pressure without infection

Early evaluation can prevent minor irritation from developing into a chronic disorder.

Tips for Athletes

  • Wear your mouthguard—even during practice.
  • Avoid chewing hard foods or gum after games or intense workouts.
  • Stretch and relax the jaw before and after activity.
  • Seek evaluation if jaw discomfort lasts longer than a few days.

Spreading Awareness During National TMJ Month

This November, the Academy for Sports Dentistry encourages members to share information about TMJ health within their communities. Consider:

  • Posting educational content for athletes and coaches
  • Offering complimentary TMJ screenings at local sporting events
  • Including TMD prevention tips in your team presentations

The Bottom Line

TMJ health is an often-overlooked aspect of sports dentistry, yet it’s essential for athlete wellness and performance. By integrating TMJ screening and education into regular care, we can help athletes protect not only their teeth—but also the joint that makes every smile, word, and bite possible.

About the Academy for Sports Dentistry

The Academy for Sports Dentistry (ASD) is dedicated to promoting the science and practice of sports dentistry, advancing athlete safety, and providing continuing education to dental and medical professionals. Learn more about how you can get involved at

www.academyforsportsdentistry.org.

Join us on February 27 - 28, 2026 to become an ASD Certified Dentist!! Learn more about it here.

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